The Media Of The Oil Spill Of 2010 From China, The United...

Modern culture thrives on news media as our primary source of information, but this creates an information overload from all of the various perspectives in coverage. Media coverage is essential is our development and understanding of international affairs. Therefore, the biases in coverage can have drastic effects in our interpretation of world’s news. Countries tend to present their news in a way that favors them and their governmental responses, but coverage of other nations can be telling of their relations. The use of word choice, tone, and even selective use of quotes can have drastic effects on people’s perceptions of the information from the media. This can be observed in the media analysis of the Xingang Port oil spill of 2010 through news sources from China, the United States, and Ireland. While some nuances of American news media still portray competition between the United States and China, the portrayal of the oil spill proves that both countries are working toward improving relations with each other. The relationship between China and United States previous to the spill was pretty stable in regards to oil and energy. But the United States was feeling increasingly frustrated with the Chinese trade policy as they refused to revalue the Yuan. In 2010, China was both the second largest consumer and the second largest importer of crude oil behind the United States (Hays). China had begun collecting oil for its national oil reserve in 2004 and most of this oil isShow MoreRelatedInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 PagesCompanies, Inc., including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. 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Acute Care Care Implementation and Evaluation. Free Essays

Acute Care: Care Implementation and Evaluation. This assignment will be based around the care that is implemented and evaluated, within a National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust (FT). The focus of the assignment will be to discuss two health problems that a selected patient has and has been admitted to the FT with. We will write a custom essay sample on Acute Care: Care Implementation and Evaluation. or any similar topic only for you Order Now The selected patient had been admitted into FT with breathing difficulties and also suffering from dehydration. The assignment will focus upon the goals that are set for the patient whilst in FT and the reasons why the goals are set. The patho-physiology of the two problems will also be discussed and also the care that had been implemented to achieve the goals. Throughout the assignment, the patient will be known as Terry with the permission from the patients parents, according to the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC, 2008) confidentiality guidelines. The assignment will also aim to discuss the role of the Health Care Professional (HCP) in planning appropriate care for the patient, in particular, using the assessment technique of goal setting by using Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Time Set (S. M. A. R. T) target planning technique (Roper et al, 1996). The reasons for planning care can involve the HCP assisting in preventing potential health problems, for example, breathing difficulties for the patient becoming worse and to also assist in solving problems where possible. Care planning can also assist in alleviating possible health problems that cannot be solved by HCP’ s and so will need the assistance of Multi Disciplinary Team (MDT) , for example, consultant, physiotherapists to further improve an develop the care plan. Terry is a 42 year old single man, who lives with his parents, and has suffered from a number of illnesses throughout his life, for example, optical glyoma, Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT), epilepsy, and also learning difficulties. Terry has difficulty with breathing, and this appears to have been caused by respiratory rhythmicity centre in the medulla and the pons (areas of the brain which can control breathing) and these appeared to not be working in the correct way (MacKenzie, 1996; Waugh et al 2006). Terry’s reduced neurological status was due to trauma that had been suffered in the motor pathways, and the peripheral nerves, in the brain (Iggulden, 2006). Terry was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), within the NHS FT, suffering from numerous problems that were mainly neurological. Terry’s admission to ICU was due to the increased breathing difficulties that he was experiencing. Due to the breathing difficulties, the nursing team, and Terry’s consultant, agreed that it would be best for Terry to have a percutaneous tracheostomy inserted. Due to Terry suffering from a probable cerebellar lesion, severe learning difficulties and poor communication skills; it did appear that Terry could not understand what the nursing team were informing him of, the medication that he needed and the care that was being delivered (NMC, 2008). Due to the fact that Terry appeared not to be able to understand or communicate with the nursing team, and that his parents and family members were with him, the nursing team, and myself, ensured that the parents, and family members, were informed of what was happening regarding the care that had given to Terry. The fact that Terry could not understand the instructions given to him, due to learning difficulties, consent to insert a percutaneous tracheostomy had to be given from Terry’s parents, to the Consultant (NMC, 2008). The tracheostomy that had been inserted into Terry helped the nursing team in the ICU and on the ward, to oxygenate Terry to the optimum level of 98%. The tracheostomy, also ensured that Terry was able to maintain a breathing rate of between 35 and 50 breathes per minute (Bailey, 2008). Although Terry was able to maintain a respiration rate, the normal respiration rate for an adult is normally between 14 and 18 breathes per minute (Bailey, 2008). The nursing care that had been implemented included ensuring that oxygen was flowing through the tracheostomy and this ensured that Terry had enough oxygen in his body for his heart and lungs to function, and that the heart pumped the oxygenated blood around the body (Machin et al 1996; Roper et al, 1996; Bailey et al 2008). Due to Terry’s respiration centre not working properly, and suffering from breathing problems, this meant that gaseous exchange was impaired, and led to a risk of respiratory acidosis. Gaseous exchange is where the oxygen goes into the alveoli capillaries, and the carbon dioxide is moved out of these capillaries (Bailey, 2008). The respiration centre is made up of a group of nerve cells, which are in the reticular endothelial system of the medulla oblongata. These cells send impulses to the motor neurones, via the spinal cord, and are then sent to the intercostal muscles (Bailey, 2008). The trauma that Terry had suffered with, was a possible cerebella lesion when he was a child. When Terry was admitted, his oxygen level was 82% (Bailey, 2008). The goal for this problem was to keep Terry’s respiration and oxygenation at a level that was suitable. A suitable level of respiration for an adult is between 14 and 18 breaths per minute, and an oxygen level of around 97 to 98% (Bailey, 2008). The patho-physiology of breathing difficulties includes a lack of oxygen to the tissues of the body, including the brain, and even death (MacKenzie, 1996; Waugh et al 2006). Due to Terry haiving an oxygen saturation level of 82%, we set the goal that we would aim for and set this goal with his parents. The goal that the nurses had set with Terry’s parents, due to the fact that Terry had learning difficulties and could not set the goal with the nurses. The goal was set as the nurses aimed to have his oxygen saturation level between 95% and 98% within two hours. The goal had to fit in with the Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Time Set (S. M. A. R. T) target planning technique (Roper et al, 1996; Faulkner, 2000). Terry’s sitting and lying position had to be carefully planned around him, this ensured that we as a nursing team where able to ensure that his lungs would expand to their optimum and to maintain a satisfactory oxygen saturation levels within his body (Roper et al 1996; Machin et al 1996; Hackman, 2008). The normal oxygen saturation level is between 95% and 98% (Woodrow, 1999). The fact that Terry had an oxygen saturation level of just 82%, the Consultant had to prescribe oxygen for Terry. The oxygen that had been prescribed for Terry, had been increased from 24% to 40% (NMC, 2002). The consultant advised us to ensure that the oxygen was to be humidified. Due to Terry having the tracheostomy, we were able to deliver the oxygen with the use of a tracheostomy mask and what is called a T-piece circuit (Machin et al 1996; Dolan, 2008; Soady, 2008). The consultant also advised the nursing team to ensure that neurological observation’s were undertaken, especially the oxygen saturation levels, every 15 minutes until Terry’s oxygen saturation levels had risen to 96% (Machin et al 1996; Dolan, 2008; Soady, 2008) The neurological observations with regards to the goal, meant that the nurses were able to deliver oxygen, which would enable the oxygen saturation level to be maintained (Machin et al 1996; Dolan, 2008; Soady, 2008). Once the nursing team had ensured that the oxygen had been delivered to Terry at 40% and was humidified, they then ensured that 15 minute observations were maintained. The Consultant had to ensure that the 40% oxygen that he had verbally prescribed, was documented and written clearly in Terry’s medical notes and on his prescription sheet (NMC, 2002; NMC, 2004). The fact that Terry had been prescribed the higher rate of oxygen, this needed to be clearly documented within Terry’s nursing notes (NMC, 2004). The documentation was needed, so that the other nurses were aware of the change. Although the observations had been maintained every 15 minutes, with regards to Terry’s oxygen saturation levels, this ensured that the nursing team maintained Terry’s neurological observation’s (Machin et al 1996; Dolan, 2008; Soady, 2008). The goal that had been set by the nursing team and Terry’s parent’s, for his oxygenation levels did fit into the Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Time Set (S. M. A. R. T) target planning technique. The goal was specific, measurable and realistic for Terry and the nursing team caring for him, as well as being achievable in the time frame that had been set by Terry’s Consultant (Faulkner, 2000). Due to the fact that the nursing team had achieved this goal for Terry, proved that the nursing care and interventions made by the nursing team, were effective. The nursing care and interventions were effective enough, for this goal to have been met (Roper et al 1996). The goal that had been set for Terry with regards to his oxygen saturation level, had to be documented. The goal had to be documented within the nursing notes, which the nursing team had to document clearly. The nursing team were able to hand over the information about Terry, to the nursing staff that would have been caring for him on the next shift. (NMC, 2004) The second of Terry’s problem’s is that he was at risk of dehydration, this was due to the fact that Terry could not swallow as he had a reduced neurological status. The fact that Terry could not swallow was due to the motor area of cerebral cortex of his brain, did not work in the way that it should (Waugh et al 2006). The motor area of the cerebral cortex of Terry’s brain, was damaged due to the increase in epileptic seizures. Dehydration can cause the cells to deplete, due to not having enough fluids for them to replenish. The cells replenish in the sense that the fluids help the cells to regenerate, regulate the body temperature, to dilute the waste products within the body, and to maintain the level of fluids within the tissue fluid and blood (Waugh et al 2006). The patho-physiology of dehydration includes thirst, the mouth being dry, the tongue would look leathery, and fluid from within the tissues and skin would be withdrawn (Roper et al 1996; Brown, 1997; Day, 1997). Due to Terry not being able to drink fluids, he was not able to regulate his own body temperature, nor was his body able to dilute the poisonous substances in his body (Waugh et al 2006). Due to fluid being withdrawn from the body, this would mean that the body would not be able to maintain its own volume in blood (Roper et al 1996). The patho-physiology of not having enough fluids also includes the kidneys would excrete less than they normally would; a person would be lethargic; the skin would lose its elasticity and would appear to be more wrinkled (Roper et al 1996; Brown, 1997; Day, 1997). If Terry had been suffering from dehydration, his would have looked sunken and his urine output would be reduced as well as being more concentrated. If Terry had been suffering from a severe case of dehydration, his blood volume would be reduced. If the blood volume was to cause a circulation deficiency, this would cause his kidneys to fail to excrete the waste products that they normally excrete (Roper et al 1996; Brown, 1997; Day, 1997). Due to Terry not drinking the recommended two litres of fluids per day, we had to set a goal. The goal that had to be set, had to be set with Terry’s parents (Roper et al 1996). The goal for the second problem, was to prevent dehydration during Terry’s stay in hospital, through ensuring that Intravenous Saline was delivered through venous access (Dougherty et al 2008). The Intravenous Saline had to be delivered through venous access, due to the fact that this was the most effective way in which to infuse fluids. The fluids had to be infused over a period of 24 hours, due to the volume of the fluids. The Consultant prescribed two litres of Intravenous Saline, and the nursing team ensured that it was delivered (NMC, 2002; NMC, 2004; Dougherty et al 2008). Due to the fact that the fluids needed to be infused, the nursing team ensured that the fluids were delivered through the venous access, by using an infusion pump. The pump that was used by the nursing team, was the volumetric pump. The volumetric pumps allow health care professionals to administer large amounts of infusions, and this is why were used this type of pump to deliver the fluids that Terry needed over a 24 hour period (Sarpal, 2008). Due to the fact that the nursing team were delivering Intravenous Saline to Terry, it was important that this was documented by the nursing team within his nursing notes. The fact that this was documented in Terry’s notes, ensured that the information was handed over to the nursing team on the next shift (NMC, 2004). It was important hat a fluid balance chart was also documented, as this would help the nursing team to ensure that the amount of input from fluids, was similar to Terry’s urine output. The fact that the nursing team were able to monitor Terry’s fluid input and output, ensured that his body was not retaining any of those fluids within a 24 hour period (Hunt et al 2008). The goal for dehydration by providing two litres of Intravenous Saline over a 24 hour period, did fit into the Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Time Set (S. M. A. R. T) target planning technique. This was due to the fact that the goal was specific, measurable and time set. The goal was achievable and realistic, but only while Terry’s venous access was as good as it was. When Terry’s venous access for the Intravenous Saline to be delivered was poor, this meant that the nursing team had to find another route to deliver these fluids. The nursing team had to re-set the goal for delivering the Intravenous Saline. (Faulkner, 2000) Due to the fact that the nursing team could not deliver the Intravenous Saline through the venous route, had to be documented. The nursing team had to document the fact that Terry had poor venous access, and that they had asked his Consultant to review Terry (NMC, 2004). When Terry’s Consultant had been to review him, the Consultant advised the nursing team to deliver the Saline through Terry’s PEG tube. Terry’s Consultant had to document the fact, that he had advised the nursing team to deliver the Saline through Terry’s PEG tube. The Consultant also had to document that his advice was due to Terry’s poor venous access in Terry’s medical notes, and he had to document this on the prescription chart (NMC, 2004). Due to Terry having a Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG), the nursing team and Terry’s parents re-set the goal to deliver the fluids that Terry needed (Faulkner, 2000). The new goal that had been set, was to deliver one litre of Intravenous Saline through Terry’s PEG tube. The litre of Saline was delivered to Terry through his PEG tube, over an 8 hour period rather than a 24 hour period. Even though the nursing team had to deliver the fluids through the PEG tube, they had to ensure that the goal did fit into the Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Time Set (S. M. A. R. T. ) target planning technique. This goal was specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time set for Terry and the nursing team (Faulkner, 2000). Before the nursing team could deliver the Saline through Terry’s Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy, the Saline had to be prescribed by his Consultant. The Consultant had to document the Saline on Terry’s prescription chart, and also had to document the route that the nursing team were to deliver the Saline (NMC, 2004). The Saline that had been prescribed by Terry’s Consultant, also had to document in Terry’s medical notes, that he had prescribed this and also document the route that he had advised to the nursing team (NMC, 2002; NMC, 2004). When the nursing staff had commenced the delivery of the Saline through the Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) tube, they themselves had to document this. The nursing team had to document the Saline running through the PEG tube, to enable the nursing notes for Terry to be up-to-date. The nursing team to document the amount of Saline that was to run through Terry’s PEG tube, and what time the Saline infusion began. The nursing team also had to document how much of the Saline was to be infused in any one hour, when the Saline was due to finish, as well as document the lot number and expiry date that were on the bag of Saline. NMC, 2002; NMC, 2004) The documentation of the infusion of the Saline running through Terry’s Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) tube, ensured that the nursing team could hand over the information to the nursing team that were due to care for Terry on the next shift (NMC, 2004). The goal that had been re-set by the nursing team, and Ter ry’s parents, fitted in with the Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Time Set (S. M. A. R. T. ) target planning technique (Faulkner, 2000). The fact that the goal had to be re-set, ensured that the nursing team had been able to deliver the Saline through the Percutaneous Endoscopic Grastrostomy (PEG) tube. The goal to deliver the Saline through the PEG tube, had been specific, measurable, realistic and time set for Terry and the nursing team. This goal had been achieved, due to the fact that the care that the nursing team had been able to deliver the Saline in the time that they had set with Terry’s parents (Faulkner, 2000). Due to the goal being achieved in the time frame that had been set by the nursing team, and Terry’s parents, meant that the nursing team had been able to deliver the care that had been needed to achieve this goal (Faulkner, 2000). I am now at the point in this assignment when I can reflect. For my reflection, I will be using the Gibb’s Reflective Cycle to reflect upon this assignment, which is documented within his book that was published in 1988 and entitled Learning by Doing: A Guide To Teaching and Learning Methods (Gibb’s, 1998). Due to the fact that Terry ad a number of health problems, I had a hard task of choosing which two that I would use. I did have to think long and hard about which two health problems that I would use, but I was given permission from his parents to enable me to write this assignment (NMC, 2008). The two health problems that I had chosen, were breathing difficulties and dehydration. Due to the breathing difficulties that Terry suffered with, meant that his oxygen saturation levels were low. Due to Terry’s breathing difficulties, this is why the nursing team, and his Consultant, had to gain consent from Terry’s parents, to insert a percutaneous tracheostomy. The fact that the tracheostomy was inserted soon after Terry’s admission, enabled the nursing staff within the ITU and the ward of the NHS FT, to ensure that Terry’s oxygen saturation levels were maintained. Therefore, this is the reason why a goal was set. Due to a goal being set for Terry’s oxygen saturation levels to be maintained, provides evidence to show that the nursing interventions were effective. The effectiveness of these nursing interventions, proves that goals that are set for an individual patient can also be met. The second goal that had been set for Terry by the nursing team, and his parents, had fitted in with the Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Time Set (S. M. A. R. T. ) target planning technique. Due to the fact that this goal was only partially met, did not necessarily mean that the care that had been delivered to Terry, had been ineffective. The care that had been delivered to Terry had been effective, but the goal could no longer be achieved through the venous route, due to the fact that Terry’s venous access was poor. Due to Terry’s poor venous access, this is why the nursing team had to re-set the goal with his parents. The goal that had to be re-set, fitted in with the Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Time Set (S. M. A. R. T. ) target planning technique. The goal had been re-set, and had also been achieved in the time frame that had been set with Terry’s parents. The goal that had been re-set, had been achieved in the time frame that had been set. The goal had been achieved due to the fact that, the nursing team were able to deliver the Intravenous Saline through the Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) that Terry had in place. The fact that the nursing team could not achieve this goal when it had first been set, was not an issue that could have been anticipated. Even though nursing teams can not anticipate why the goals are not met, they can re-set the goal and in time, meet the new goal. Therefore, the nursing care and interventions that are delivered, do make nursing care effective. Documentation of all care from the nursing team was important, due to the fact that the nursing team on one shift, were able to inform the nursing team of the next shift. Documentation also ensures that if the nursing team were unsure of any test results, that they were able to look over the nursing notes to ensure they knew where we were up to with the patient. The Consultants documentation in the patients medical notes, ensured that other doctors or Consultants were also aware of the patients condition and any tests that may have been ordered. Bibliography. Bailey, M. , Crossen, S. , Holland, J. , Hollis, V. (2008) Observation’s in Dougherty, L Lister, S. (eds) The Royal Marsden Hospital Manual of Clinical Nursing Procedures. 7th ed. Chapter 25, Pages 496-544. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing. Brown, A. (1997) Caring for the Patient Undergoing Surgery in Walsh, M. (ed) (1997) Watson’s Clinical Nursing and Related Sciences. 5th ed. Chapter 10, Pages 232-259. Edinburgh, Bailliere Tindall. Day, S. (1997) Caring for the Patient with a Nutritional Disorder in Walsh, M. (ed) (1997) Watson’s Clinical Nursing and Related Sciences. 5th ed. Chapter 16, Pages 552-570. Edinburgh, Bailliere Tindall. Dolan, S. (2008) Respiratory Therapy in Dougherty, L Lister, S. (eds) The Royal Marsden Hospital Manual of Clinical Nursing Procedures. 7th ed. Chapter 38, Pages 749-765. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing. Dougherty, L. , Farley, A. , Hopwood, L. Sarpal, N. (2008) Drug Administration: General Principles in Dougherty, L Lister, S. (eds) The Royal Marsden Hospital Manual of Clinical Nursing Procedures. 7th ed. Chapter 11, Pages 202-251. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing. Faulkner, A. (2000) Nursing: The Reflective Approach to Adult Nursing Practice. 2nd ed. Gloucestershire: Stanley Thornes Publishers Limited. Gibb’s, G (1988) Learning by Doing: A Guide To Teaching and Learning Methods. Oxford: Further Education Unit, Oxford Polytechnic. Hackman, D. 2008) Positioning in Dougherty, L Lister, S. (eds) The Royal Marsden Hospital Manual of Clinical Nursing Procedures. 7th ed. Chapter 34, Pages 668-689. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing. Hunt, P. , Kelynack, J. Stevens, A. M. (2008) The Unconscious Patient in Dougherty, L Lister, S. (eds) The Royal Marsden Hospital Manual of Clinical Nursing Procedures. 7th ed. Chapter 44, Pages 849-853. Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing. Iggulden, H. (2006) Care Of The Neurological Patient. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Limited. Local NHS Trust (2004) NHS Trust – Recommended Protocol for Care of the Patient with a PEG. Liverpool: Local NHS Trust. Machin, J. , Rhys-Evans, F. (1996) Tracheostomy Care and Laryngectomy Voice Rehabilitation in Mallet, J. , Bailey, C. (eds) (1996) The Royal Marsden NHS Trust – Manual of Clinical Nursing Procedures. Chapter 41, Pages 550-565. London: Blackwell Science Limited. MacKenzie, E. (1996) Respiratory Therapy in Mallet, J. , Bailey, C. (eds) (1996) The Royal Marsden NHS Trust – Manual of Clinical Nursing Procedures. Chapter 35, Pages 474-480. London: Blackwell Science Limited. Nursing and Midwifery Council (2002) Guidelines for the Administration of Medicines. London: NMC. Nursing and Midwifery Council (2004) Guidelines for Records and Record Keeping. London: NMC. Nursing and Midwifery Council (2008) The Code – Standards of Conduct, Performance and Ethics for Nurses and Midwives. London: Nursing and Midwifery Council. Roper, N. , Logan, W. W. , Tierney, A. J. (1996) The Elements of Nursing. 4th ed. America: Churchill Livingstone. Sarpal, N. (2008) Drug Administration: Delivery (Infusion Devices) in Dougherty, L Lister, S. (eds) The Royal Marsden Hospital Manual of Clinical Nursing Procedures. 7th ed. Chapter 13, Pages 290-309. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing. Soady, C. (2008) Tracheostomy Care and Laryngectomy Care in Dougherty, L Lister, S. (eds) The Royal Marsden Hospital Manual of Clinical Nursing Procedures. 7th ed. Chapter 42, Pages 809-829. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing. Waugh, A. , Grant, A. (2006) Ross and Wilson Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness. 10th ed. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone. Woodrow, P. (1999) Pulse Oximetry. Nursing Standard. Volume 13, Number 42. Pages 42-46. Woodrow, P. (2006) Intensive Care Nursing – A Framework for Practice. 2nd ed. Oxon: Rouledge. How to cite Acute Care: Care Implementation and Evaluation., Papers

Evaluation of Annual Influenza Vaccination Being Recommended

Question: Discuss about theEvaluation of Annual Influenza Vaccination Being Recommended. Answer: Flu or influenza affects immunity system of older adults and young children easily. Due to weak immunity response of older adults, infants, young children, they are more susceptible from the attack to the virus. Older adults over 65 years of age receiving medical treatment at the community hospital are at greater risks of getting infected from the disease. Community nurses handle a wide variety of patients, facing multiple medical conditions; flu is the most common type of virus that affects majority of patients receiving treatment at the community hospital. Community nurses having to treat so many patients have risks of bearing the disease virus themselves. Mc Elhaney (2011) in his paper explores that older adults face risks from getting infected from the disease easily when in contact with older community nurses. The scope of this analysis identifies recommendations that are given to adults over 65 years of age to get vaccinated in case they are treated by older community nurses. Flu: Influenza is commonly known as flu, is caused by a virus that causes respiratory illness. The flu virus is highly contagious in nature that spreads through infected persons cough or sneezes (Holland et. al., 2008). Flu is not a life threatening disease and adults are highly contagious for 1 to 2 days prior to getting symptoms, which might continue till 7 days of becoming ill. Symptoms associated with influenza are runny nose, high fever, muscle pain, sore throat, coughing, headache and feeling tired. The symptoms might last over a week and can include gastrointestinal symptoms as vomiting, diarrhea and nausea. The flu is usually treated by antibiotics unless the flu symptoms have aggravated into another illness that is caused by bacteria. During flu season from 71% to 85% of the older population above 65 years have experienced death and 54% to 70% had to be admitted to hospitals due to flu. Influenza is a serious issue for older adults hence they need to be vaccinated (Song, et. al., 2010). Worldwide treatment for flu is antibiotics such as antivirals oseltamivir and zanamivir. Though majority of flu cases are not considered serious but in older adults above 65 years, it can cause serious complications. Complications that are caused by influenza are dehydration, bacterial pneumonia, congestive heart failure or even asthma. There is an increasing worldwide trend in hospitalization of older adults diagnosed with flu symptoms; therefore it is better to adopt preventive measures (Medlock Galvani, 2009). Prevalence of healthcare policy that makes essential for the elderly to get vaccinated can be an effective mechanism for prevention against influenza. A healthcare policy aimed at vaccinating elderly can emerge to be an effective to overcome barriers facing primary health care professionals. In absence of policy aimed at immunization, efforts of professionals in primary healthcare along with public health agencies will remain unattended. Immunization in influe nza has to remain a government prerogative for enhancing impact on the national average rate in winter especially. Non-compliance factors to immunization schedules remains to be a major challenge arising from factors such as fear from side effects, fear from vaccinating needles, lack of confidence of immunization effectiveness and other factors conies to be barriers. Apart from immunization currently there is no other effective alternate mechanism available to protect elderly from the deadly attack of the disease that can enhance chances of comorbidity. Type of flu vaccine and requirement for annual boosters: due to the wide spread influence of influenza vaccination, it has been considered best to take vaccination of the viruses. The viruses are influenza H3N2 virus, H1N2 virus and one B virus. Post taking of the vaccination, protection begins from 2 weeks. Season based vaccination needs to begin by September and kept continued through January. Outbreak of influenza might change and be at peak during October or January month. Falsey et.al., (2009) in his article states that some individuals should not opt for the vaccination as those having allergy to chicken eggs, or who have had reaction to flu vaccination in the past, or people who had Guillain-Barre Syndrome after 3 weeks of receiving vaccine (Falsey et. al., 2009). In case an older adult had moderate fever, they need to wait prior to getting vaccinated. Older adults 65 years or more are at more risks with complications from flu symptoms, as compared to younger healthy adults. Older adults have weakened defense immune response that further weakens with age. The best tactics to deal with flu for older adults is to take a flu shot. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention suggest that people 65 years or older have to get vaccinated each season for ensuring possible immunity wanes over a year. DiazGrandoz et al. (2014) evaluated that older adults can get injectable vaccines or flu shot that are cell-based injectable vaccine flu shots (DiazGranados et.al. 2014). The high dosage vaccine is for adults over 65 years of age and it contains 4 times the amount of antigen compared to regular flu shots. It has stronger immune response post vaccination. Older adults should not get nasal spray flu vaccine, jet injector flu vaccine or the intradermal flu shot. Adjuvant flu vaccine Fluad that is produced from MF59 adjuvant can help create a better immune response in adult population. The vaccinations come with some side effects which can happen with standard-dosage of seasonal shots. Other effects include redness or swelling where injection is administered, muscle ache, headache and malaise (McElhaney, 2011). It is advisable that older adults get vaccinated with pneumococcal vaccines for prevention against pneumococcal diseases. Immunization rationale for 65 years and over population group: Influenza infection has been found associated with severe morbidity and serious outcomes. Adult population vaccination has been considered to be most effective strategy for prevention of the disease by World Health Organization. Though certain scholars argue regarding the exact magnitude of benefits from vaccination. Older adults above 65 years of age have weakened immune response system that is susceptible to the association of influenza virus response. Prevention from increased incidence of the infection can reduce morbidity and mortality significantly. Osterholm et. al. (2012), states that the flu can cause several complications with prevailing symptoms of the disease for a prolonged period (Osterholm et. al., 2012). Complications can arise in case older adults are being exposed to other older adults or older community nurses, who are bearer of the virus. Requirement to be immunized against influenza as a community nurse: Older community nurses are at greater risks of carrying the influenza virus. Older community nurses have weakened immune response system. They are exposed to multiple types of patients, which increase their risks of becoming potential virus bearers. During seasonal outbreak of the disease, community nurses need to provide professional healthcare to patients suffering from serious influenza infections. This further increase their risks of bearing the virus that have capability to get transferred to other patients in the ward. Haq and McElhaney (2014) stated importance in cases older community nurses get vaccinated, there would be a reduced incidence of influenza amongst older adults, who were not facing the disease (Haq McElhaney, 2014). This article clearly states that annual influenza vaccination of community nursing staffs greatly reduces mortality and morbidity in vulnerable patients. Older community nurses providing healthcare facilities to older adults above the age of 65 years did not visualize influenza as being a threat to their health or wellbeing. They did not perceive vaccination for influenza to be necessary and viewed it to be harming their health in a negative manner or having side effects, weakening their immunity system. Research studies conducted to evaluate threat of transmission of influenza reflected unawareness amongst older community nurses being a high-risk population as they had never fallen ill with the disease. Several researches are connected with understanding related to ways in which mortality rates or treatment of adult population, only a few researches are connected towards understanding ways in which older community nurses could reduce epidemic (Vajo, et. al.,2010). Older community nurses have often declined vaccination on the motif that they have healthy body for maintaining their decisional autonomy. Community nurses are faced with u ntrustworthy ambience that opposes them to maintain healthy body. Nurses rely on conventional health beliefs compared to evidence medication. Impact from relying on conventional health beliefs makes them decline to influenza vaccination. Community healthcare centers as well as hospitals have to design specific intervention mechanisms tailored for nurses. Older community nurses feared for side effects of vaccination, as some nurses already felt ill post taking of the vaccine. Talbot, et. al., (2011) analyses the negative effects arising from influenza vaccination made nurses feel the procedure to be unnecessary (Talbot, et. al., 2011). The negative side effects led to community nurse reluctance in getting vaccinated. Older Community Nurses felt that in case they felt ill, they had all possible right to stay back at home as they did so much work. Moreover taking influenza vaccination meant to some nurses that they had to undertake restrictive measures that could curb their autonomy. They did not trust influenza vaccination as having much effect on the virus widespread. As the vaccines composition is based on the assumption of seasons influenza virus look alike, effectiveness of the vaccination is less supposed to be less likely. Response to older adult in the community, who argued that the flu vaccine results in catching the flu: Influenza vaccine is prepared on the basis of virus type that was present in the last year. However, viruses like any other living organisms are undergoing constant genetic mutation that makes them more complex and complicated (Izurieta, et.al., 2015). Mutation of virus causes inertness to vaccination present that in turn leads to immunity from the vaccine. Meaning that probability of vaccinations effectiveness has limited potential. Moreover influenza vaccine has several side effects associated with it that ranges from fever, to headaches, flu itself and many others. Older adults often argue that flu vaccination might lead them to catch the flu itself. Influenza vaccine injected into adults helps boost their immunity defense mechanism by creation of antibodies. As earlier stated that older adults have already weaker defense immune system, getting injected from the virus antigen might lead to collapse of their defense mechanism altogether. In turn they might end up catching the flu itself. Older adults in contact with other older adults or older community nurses are at higher risk from catching infection at community health care centers. Inspite of all prevailing reasons, vaccinations remain the most effective mechanism (Lang, et. al., 2012). Older adults, who argue regarding effectiveness of the vaccination, need to provide education counseling for the vaccination. They need to be counseled regarding the various negative impacts and complexity that might arise in absence of vaccination. They need to be convinced related to their weakened immune d efense systems with which they might easily catch the flu. When older adults are receiving their treatment at community health care centers or hospitals they likely have been affected from morbidity. Additional burden of morbidity might lead to complications as bacteria might mutate to create more complicated diseases. Therefore, it is advised by health practioner as well as by Health care centers to get vaccinated to reduce impacts. Studies evaluating data pertaining to older adults facing risks from influenza while in contact with other older adults and older community nurses reflects varied evidence. All evidences support that health risks amongst older population is higher considered to other population segment. Influenza can create varied complications in older population above 65 years of age hence it becomes necessary to evaluate such outcomes and adopt measures that can prevent epidemic leading to mortality. Vaccination has been considered the most effective way in which complications can be avoided, other measures includes avoiding close contact with an infected person, covering of mouth and nose when infected, cleaning hands regularly, avoiding touching of nose, mouth or eyes and practicing overall good health habits. These habits have been shown to have a positive effect on curbing widespread of the disease. Reference Lists DiazGranados, C.A., Dunning, A.J., Kimmel, M., Kirby, D., Treanor, J., Collins, A., Pollak, R., Christoff, J., Earl, J., Landolfi, V. and Martin, E. (2014). Efficacy of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccine in older adults.New England Journal of Medicine,371(7), 635-645. Falsey, A. R., Treanor, J. J., Tornieporth, N., Capellan, J., Gorse, G. J. (2009). Randomized, double-blind controlled phase 3 trial comparing the immunogenicity of high-dose and standard-dose influenza vaccine in adults 65 years of age and older.The Journal of infectious diseases,200(2), 172-180. Haq, K., McElhaney, J. E. (2014). Immunosenescence: influenza vaccination and the elderly.Current opinion in immunology,29, 38-42. Holland, D., Booy, R., De Looze, F., Eizenberg, P., McDonald, J., Karrasch, J., ... Weber, F. (2008). Intradermal influenza vaccine administered using a new microinjection system produces superior immunogenicity in elderly adults: a randomized controlled trial.The Journal of infectious diseases,198(5), 650-658. Izurieta, H. S., Thadani, N., Shay, D. K., Lu, Y., Maurer, A., Foppa, I. M., ... Worrall, C. (2015). Comparative effectiveness of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccines in US residents aged 65 years and older from 2012 to 2013 using Medicare data: a retrospective cohort analysis.The Lancet Infectious diseases,15(3), 293-300. Lang, P. O., Mendes, A., Socquet, J., Assir, N., Govind, S., Aspinall, R. (2012). Effectiveness of influenza vaccine in aging and older adults: comprehensive analysis of the evidence.Clinical interventions in aging,7, 55. McElhaney, J. E. (2011). Influenza vaccine responses in older adults.Ageing research reviews,10(3), 379-388. Medlock, J., Galvani, A. P. (2009). Optimizing influenza vaccine distribution.Science,325(5948), 1705-1708. Osterholm, M. T., Kelley, N. S., Sommer, A., Belongia, E. A. (2012). Efficacy and effectiveness of influenza vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet infectious diseases,12(1), 36-44. Song, J.Y., Cheong, H.J., Hwang, I.S., Choi, W.S., Jo, Y.M., Park, D.W., Cho, G.J., Hwang, T.G. and Kim, W.J.(2010). Long-term immunogenicity of influenza vaccine among the elderly: risk factors for poor immune response and persistence.Vaccine,28(23), 3929-3935. Talbot, H. K., Griffin, M. R., Chen, Q., Zhu, Y., Williams, J. V., Edwards, K. M. (2011). Effectiveness of seasonal vaccine in preventing confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations in community dwelling older adults.Journal of Infectious Diseases,203(4), 500-508. Vajo, Z., Tamas, F., Sinka, L., Jankovics, I. (2010). Safety and immunogenicity of a 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 vaccine when administered alone or simultaneously with the seasonal influenza vaccine for the 200910 influenza season: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial.The Lancet,375(9708), 49-55.

Emerging and Practical Areas for Runtime Process - MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theEmerging and Practical Areas for Runtime Process. Answer: Introduction This paper is a discussion reviewing the article, Business Process Management: 13th International Conference, BPM 2015, Innsbruck, Austria, August 31-September 3, 2015, Proceedings. The main purpose is to assess the undertakings of the 13th International Conference on BPM in 2015. Other articles are also used in supporting the main article in discussion to prove the credibility of the main article. This conference gave an international forum where researchers from all walks met and exchanged their views on the topics in research and also the results of the business process management. The BPM 2015 was presented by the University of Innsbruck in Austria and that happened from August 31st to September 3rd. The rest of the paper gives the account of all what happened during this conference. In this BPM 2015 conference, the researchers present gave over one hundred and twenty submissions. All of the submissions touched on the emerging and empirical areas of BPM. These submissions were rechecked by a procedure including 17 high-ranking Program Committee associates and also 75 PC affiliates. Thirty papers were accepted in total and there were 21 full papers with a 17% acceptance rate. There were also double trade papers with a general recognition rate of 24 percent. The paper aims at giving an examination of the improvement of the empirical exploration in the BPM. The paper also seeks to study the tendencies in the empirical BPM research and all the practices applied by way of an advanced background so as to identify the standing quo and to review the probable future development of the research. During this conference, there were suggestions encouraged. First, an investigation that demonstrates the interdisciplinary landscape of BPM and links with disciplines such as administration and managerial discipline, information systems, date, and information organization, social computing and service-leaning work out. The other research that was encouraged is that which examines the emerging areas of BPM and the application of concepts and methods. The main topics discussed in this paper are: Runtime Process Management The redesign of business processes according to BPM (Conference), Motahari-Nezhad, Recker Weidlich (2015) has a big prospective regarding the lowering of the courses expenditures with throughput periods and also in boosting customers satisfaction. A mere process design enterprise is comprised of a description of the as-is process. The analysis of the as-is situation helps to locate the process flaws and to generate process boosting ideas. In this article, it is said that practitioners typically use a lot of time in the explanation together with the examination of the present situation and the procedure of improving ideas mostly generated in a few workshops by the use of traditional creativity techniques mainly brainstorming. These techniques do not have guidance pertaining the type of process choices that are worth considering and they hardly give an answer for the individual inactivity to look for replacements to ensure that they are not similar with other directions. According to (Rosing, Scheel Scheer,2014), a typical process design business is composition of the description of the current process as brought out by the main article in the review. Process Modelling This refers to the description, diagram and the structural representation that explains the undertakings of a particular organizational unit (BPM (Conference), et al., 2015). Under this topic, model grounded and text based course explanations have their individual certain fortes and which charm to their shareholders. By this, it is unlikely to discover in an association descriptions of similar commercial practices in equal manners. While putting into descriptions that many of such portrayals that may perhaps be used in certain organizations by dozens of people that use different editors, there is likelihood that the risk of these representations turn into lop-sided. To minimize the period and exertion required so as to correct those circumstances, this article, grants a primary tactic to identify by design the discrepancies that arise amid the textual description with the process model. The paper also leverages the normal linguistic dispensation practices to highlight the circumstanc es where the binary procedure representations examine the undertakings in various guidelines. (Vom Schmiedel,2015) also states in process modelling, it is not easy to incorporate both business processes mode as mentioned above. Process Model Discovery I Under this, the process of mining can give a very important information for the improvement of process models and the process management, the business process execution majorly follows some pre-designed process models. These process models as brought out by (BPM Conference, et al. 2015) are mainly a following by many of but not all process executions because business processes many times undergo exceptional circumstances where the detour of to the available process models is important. The businesss needs to recheck the process models according on the previous logged executions so as to guide majority of future workflow executions. The process model enhancement benefits from the techniques from the process of mining and the process analysis. The practice mining methods are put into use to determine procedure representations from the occasion records. Various discovery techniques are suggested so as to attain a procedure model imitating a performance given in the occasion records. The processes that have been discovered may differ considerably in accordance with the chosen method discovered. The main problem with the process model discovery is constructing adequate formal model that reflects the behaviors represented in an event long in the best possible means. As brought out by (Riemann,2015), it is true that businesses should recheck their process models to ensure that they are guided in the future executions. Business Process Models and Analytics Business process models and analytics gives process participants. Related stakeholders and decision makers with insight about the effectiveness and the efficiency of the organizational process. This insight is motivated by the performance considerations. From the compliance viewpoint, (BPM Conference, et al. 2015) states that the intention of procedure analytics is the reduction of the response period of stakeholders to the proceedings could alter the variations in the routine process then to also permit for an additional instant valuation of the implication of the procedure administration choices on procedure metrics. There are many reasons for measuring the various facets of commercial procedures. First is to assess all that has occurred over the past, to comprehend whatever is occurring in the moment, and draft a comprehension of all that might happen in future. (Rosing,2014) also mentions that the analytics process is intended to minimize the stakeholder-time response to any alte rations in the performance process. BPM in Industry With the expansion in the various Workflow Management Systems (WfMSs) organizations undergo difficult decisions when choosing a suitable means on behalf of their Business Process Management (BPM) schemes (BPM Conference, et al., 2015). The major alterations between WfMSs are: the sustained controllable modeling dialects, the integration with outside tools and systems (such as Web-service APIS for business intelligence and monitoring), their robustness, their performance, non-functional requirements and operational costs. There is need to assess the different WfNSs in accordance with the runtime routine of the commercial course implementation through their Workflow apparatus. By making that assessment, it will largely help in empowering the adopters of BPM so that they can map their needs to the existing solutions and so that also the vendors of BPM and their developers can increase their technological giving. The framework for the benchmarking of BPMN particularly the WfMSs makes sur e that the benchmarking process is reliable. The framework also makes sure that it structurally defines and controls the setting in which the routine processes remain conducted plus their outcomes studied. As per (Vom et al., 2015), the businesses need to evaluate various WfNSs based on their runtime performance of their BP. Process Compliance and Deviations The biggest challenge in any business is ensuring it conforms its business undertakings to the rules that have been imposed. This may comprise of many perspectives of the business process that includes data, resources, time, control flow and the interactions of the business stakeholders (BPM Conference, et al.,2015). The process of business compliance cannot be fully arrived at during the design time although it needs to be checked regularly during the process of runtime too. The article has presented a wide-ranging outline for checking the commercial course submission visually. In opposition with other methods, the outline gives support the graphic observing of entirely important course standpoints according to the protracted Compliance Rule Graph linguistic. This doesnt only permit for detection of acquiescence abuses but then again visually pinpoints the grounds too. Lastly, the context helps in assessing the commercial progression obedience and making sure that the business proce ss is running smoothly. (Riemann, 2015) suggests that businesses cannot arrive at the process of business compliance in design time. The correctness concerns of the corporate procedure prototypes have increasingly remained deliberated for over an era. The initial grind was majorly on the syntactical accuracy together with the reliability problems such as the nonexistence of life locks and deadlocks. The obedience of the commercial procedures through the semantic bottlenecks have stayed considered progressively over the ages. Basically, the acquiescence rubrics branch from requirements that are sphere exact for instance the legal regulations and corporate standards. All these must be considered throughout the stages of the procedure development. The approaches that deals by way of the submission of commercial procedures in the event of their execution are taken care of by the compliance monitoring. Emerging and Practical Areas of BPM Technology in a BPM Perspective According to (BPM Conference, et al. 2015), technology in a BPM perspective pertains the vital significance that technology undertakes in then generation of value and also the underpinning of the BPM philosophy by providing a framework that leads an enabling reign of monitoring, traceability and optimization. It also makes sure that businesses develop various scenarios and draft the right adjustments immediately and more effectively thereby making sure that they contribute in competitive advantages. Additionally, technology gives the needed avenue to translate objective choices into rigid plans of actions and allowing the businesses to become more proactive. The aim of BPM is mainly to boost the employee and customer value by efficient, innovative and flexible processes. In such process managed businesses, it is more about the transformation of the business then about technology. It is a misunderstanding to view BPM as a label for new technology. It is purported that technology has a ssisted businesses establish effective business processes. Process Monitoring The business processes are often subjected to unexpected and continuous adjustments. The process employees may start undertaking the process differently so as to cope with the changes in season, workload, regulations and guidelines for instance (BPM Conference,et al., 2015). Detecting the business process early in accordance with the event logs-in other terms called process drift detection, makes it possible for analysts to locate and act upon the adjustments that may in turn impact negatively on the business performance. The earlier methods for the detection of commercial procedure drift are grounded on an examination of a hypothetically bigger piece space and some other circumstances, the operators are required to physically detect the certain structures that come with the gist. Subject to the discovered piece set, the techniques might slip some specific variations. This article has a statistically chastised technique aimed at the detection of the drift. The above article is suppor ted by (Rosing et al., 2014), whereby early detection of business process drift helps them make the right changes so that they are not affected by them. The main idea is to conduct a statistical experiments over the allocation of the runs seen in two successive time spaces. By adapting a sizing space, the method slowdowns a trade-off between the cataloguing accuracy and drift detection interruption. A validation on a real life and synthetic logs indicate that the method precisely detects typical patterns of change and rules up to the extent it is appropriate for wired drift discovery. Conclusion In conclusion, this paper is a review of the article Business process management: 13th International Conference, BPM 2015, Innsbruck, Austria, August 31-September 3, 2015, Proceedings, by BPM (Conference), Motahari-Nezhad, Recker Weidlich. The review is supported by other three articles on the topic BPM to bring out the credibility of the main article. Bibliography BPM (Conference), Motahari-Nezhad, H. R., Recker, J., Weidlich, M. (2015).Business process management: 13th International Conference, BPM 2015, Innsbruck, Austria, August 31-September 3, 2015, Proceedings. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23063-4. Riemann, U. (2015). Benefits and Challenges for BPM in the Cloud.International Journal of Organizational and Collective Intelligence (IJOCI).5, 32-61. Rosing, M. V., Scheel, H. V., Scheer, A.-W. (2014).The complete business process handbook: body of knowledge from process modeling to bpm. Volume I Volume I. https://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=1888539. Vom Brocke, J., Schmiedel, T. (2015).BPM - Driving Innovation in a Digital World. https://proxy.uqtr.ca/login.cgi?action=loginu=uqtrdb=sciencedirezurl=https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14430-6.

Best Way to Compose and Present English Language and Composition Argument Essay

Best Way to Compose and Present English Language and Composition Argument EssayFinding the best way to compose and present an English language and composition argument essay is of the utmost importance. The same objective can be accomplished in the following manner.A good way to compose an English language and composition argument essay is to begin by composing an outline. This outline should contain, at a minimum, all of the following points. All the content and the details of each point of the argument should be included, as well as a single paragraph summarizing the argument in the same manner.The second step is to write all of the main points in the essay. The main points should appear in this order: two short paragraphs, four sentences, and then the essay conclusion. The essay can also include five or six brief sentences on the history of the subject and on current debates. All the points and main points must be written in the language in which they are to be presented to the re ader.In a proofreading, every argument needs to be reviewed so that every word and every expression are in good form. Any undigested or disorganized work in a hand can result in the actual error, which is sometimes hard to discover. There are several types of errors that may be missed in an average proofreader's eye.For instance, phrases such as 'given a certain situation', 'if the situation was not to the best'what could have been', are quite simple. However, the English language is not enough to express the ideas in these and similar phrases. When they are addressed in the English language and composition argument essay samples, it becomes a completely different matter.It is important to take into consideration how the English language is used in the context of the argument. A common problem here is writing. If the person wants to convince the reader, he or she must also give a convincing argument for the idea.Since in the Ap English Language and Composition Argument Essay samples , there is a constant need to convince the reader, the writer has to have a sound grasp of the primary grammar. Unfortunately, many of them never master it. The English language and composition argument essay samples must be checked and revised as often as possible. This is so because the education is always better if the student retains the knowledge.

Bipolar Illness and Creativity

In his article, Albert Rothenberg (2001) focuses on the relationship between such variables as creativity and bipolar illness. Overall, I find this work very informing and thought-provoking. The author argues that bipolar disorder does not increase creative abilities of an individual (Rothenberg, 2001, p. 144). He demonstrates that there is little or no dependence between these variables.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Bipolar Illness and Creativity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This article can be very useful to therapists and patients. People should remember that bipolar disorder can be a very dangerous illness that is more likely to harm the creative capacity of an individual, rather than promote it. In my opinion, Albert Rothenberg provides very convincing and interesting examples in order to illustrate his viewpoint. On the whole, this article raises many questions that researchers and therapists should consider. First of all, the author believes that the connection between bipolar disorder and creativity may be very difficult to determine (Rothenberg, 2001, p. 131). Therefore, researchers should understand how the connection between these two phenomena can be best examined or measured. They have to choose the methods that ensure the validity of results; otherwise their studies may be of very little use. Secondly, Albert Rothenberg says that people, who are engaged in creative activities can be more vulnerable to mood disorders (2001, p. 132). Therefore, therapists should think of how they can best help such patients. Probably, there is an approach that works most effectively for such people. Finally, the author mentions various famous artists or writers like Van Gogh or Virginia Woolf (Rothenberg, 2001, p. 132). In many cases, their psychological problems were diagnosed on the basis of their diaries or other autobiographical records. The question arises whether such records can us ed for the purposes of psychiatric diagnosis. One should determine the extent to which they are reliable. This article can have significant implications mostly for the field of psychology. Overall, this work can raise higher standards for psychologists who study the relationship between mood disorders and creativity or intelligence. As it has been said before, they have to develop more complex methods that can either prove or disprove the relation between bipolar illness and creative talents. The development of such methods can be a very challenging task. Secondly, people, who are not professional psychologists or psychiatrists, will have to be more aware of about the dangers of mood disorders. The author eloquently illustrates the point that psychological disorders can and should be treated.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There is no reason to associate creativity or improved performance with mood disorders. Such an approach is hardly permissible from ethical and scientific standpoints. Patients should reject the stereotype according to which bipolar disorder and schizophrenia are conducive to intelligence or creativity. On the whole, patients should be encouraged to seek treatment even if they do not want to. First of all, therapists should explain patient’s creative skills have nothing to with bipolar disorder or illness. Secondly, without treatment their emotional state can only deteriorate. In their long term, their career and relations with other people can be threatened (Rybakowski, Klonowska, PatrzaÅ‚a, 2008, p. 37). These are the main reasons that counselors should give when talking to people who may have bipolar illness or other diseases. Certainly, it is unethical for force such people into treatment, but therapists should at least peoples’ awareness about the dangers to which they are exposed. Reference List Rothenberg, A. ( 2001). Bipolar Illness, Creativity, and Treatment. Psychiatric  Quarterly, 72(2), 131-147. Rybakowski, J., Klonowska, P., PatrzaÅ‚a, A. (2008). Psychopathology and creativity. Archives Of Psychiatry Psychotherapy, 10(1), 37-47. This essay on Bipolar Illness and Creativity was written and submitted by user Jordan Jefferson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Leadership Development Plan

Self Assessment Strengths: Strength’s that I posses are very important when in becoming a great leader. The strength’s that I posses are good listening skills, persuasion, determination, compassion, honesty, and respect. I feel that in order to be a leader, listening is just as important as talking. When people take the time to listen they may learn new information that they never knew before. What I do, is instead of missing out on something I like to take in all the information that I can and then combine it with my own so that I can produce a much clearer image when I speak. My second strength persuasion, is a key role in being a leader to me. If subordinates have a different idea then their leader does, persuasion has to be executed in order for the group to accomplish the task on hand. Determination, which is my strongest strength, helps motivate me to succeed and be good at what I do. It helps me to complete my task without any hesitation. When there is something that I want to accomplish m y determination makes me work as hard as I can in order to be successful. My fourth strength, compassion helps me creates a comfortable atmosphere letting the people around me know that I care and that if there is anything wrong I am here to help. Honesty and respect both are my way of getting to know people better. When I first meet a person I let them know nothing but the truth, so that from the beginning they know that this man is sincere and that he is trustworthy of a friendship. Respect has to be earned, but to me I always give respect when I meet a person and from then on it can either go up or it can go down whichever way that person wants it. Weaknesses: Weaknesses that I posses are easy to manage and can be controlled if I take the time to work on them. Weaknesses that I have are laziness, having a short attentio... Free Essays on Leadership Development Plan Free Essays on Leadership Development Plan Self Assessment Strengths: Strength’s that I posses are very important when in becoming a great leader. The strength’s that I posses are good listening skills, persuasion, determination, compassion, honesty, and respect. I feel that in order to be a leader, listening is just as important as talking. When people take the time to listen they may learn new information that they never knew before. What I do, is instead of missing out on something I like to take in all the information that I can and then combine it with my own so that I can produce a much clearer image when I speak. My second strength persuasion, is a key role in being a leader to me. If subordinates have a different idea then their leader does, persuasion has to be executed in order for the group to accomplish the task on hand. Determination, which is my strongest strength, helps motivate me to succeed and be good at what I do. It helps me to complete my task without any hesitation. When there is something that I want to accomplish m y determination makes me work as hard as I can in order to be successful. My fourth strength, compassion helps me creates a comfortable atmosphere letting the people around me know that I care and that if there is anything wrong I am here to help. Honesty and respect both are my way of getting to know people better. When I first meet a person I let them know nothing but the truth, so that from the beginning they know that this man is sincere and that he is trustworthy of a friendship. Respect has to be earned, but to me I always give respect when I meet a person and from then on it can either go up or it can go down whichever way that person wants it. Weaknesses: Weaknesses that I posses are easy to manage and can be controlled if I take the time to work on them. Weaknesses that I have are laziness, having a short attentio...